附录 A. PostgreSQL错误代码

PostgreSQL服务器发出的所有消息都被赋予了五个字符错误代码,这遵循 SQL 标准对SQLSTATE代码的习惯。需要知道发生了什么错误条件的应用通常应该测试错误代码, 而不是查看文本形式的错误消息。这些错误代码轻易不会在PostgreSQL的版本之间改变,并且一般也不会随着错误消息的本地化而改变。请注意有些(但不是全部)PostgreSQL生成的错误代码是由 SQL 标准定义的;有些标准没有定义的额外错误代码是PostgreSQL发明的或者是从其它数据库借用的。

根据标准,错误代码的前两个字符表示错误类别,而后三个字符表示在该类别内的一种特定情况。因此, 那些不能识别特定错误代码的应用仍然可以从错误类别中推断要做什么。

表 A.1中列出了PostgreSQL 10.1定义的所有错误代码(有些实际上目前并没有使用,但是 SQL 标准中有定义)。错误类别也在其中列出。对于每个错误类别都有一个 标准错误代码,它的最后三个字符是000。这个代码只用于那些属于该类别但是没有被赋予更特定代码的错误情况。

情况名称列中显示的符号是在PL/pgSQL中使用的情况名称。情况名称可以被写成大写或小写形式(注意PL/pgSQL不识别警告(与错误不同)情况名称,它们是类别 00、01 和 02)。

对于某些类型的错误,服务器会报告与错误相关的数据库对象(一个表、表列、数据类型或约束)的名称。例如,导致一个unique_violation错误的唯一约束的名称。这些名字被包含在错误报告消息的独立域中,这样应用就不必从可能是本地化的人类可读的消息文本中抽取它们。到PostgreSQL 9.3 位置,对于这个特性的完全覆盖只在 SQLSTATE 类别 23 (完整性约束未被)的错误中存在,但是很可能会在未来进行扩展。

表 A.1. PostgreSQL错误代码

错误代码情况名称
Class 00 — Successful Completion
00000successful_completion
Class 01 — Warning
01000warning
0100Cdynamic_result_sets_returned
01008implicit_zero_bit_padding
01003null_value_eliminated_in_set_function
01007privilege_not_granted
01006privilege_not_revoked
01004string_data_right_truncation
01P01deprecated_feature
Class 02 — No Data (this is also a warning class per the SQL standard)
02000no_data
02001no_additional_dynamic_result_sets_returned
Class 03 — SQL Statement Not Yet Complete
03000sql_statement_not_yet_complete
Class 08 — Connection Exception
08000connection_exception
08003connection_does_not_exist
08006connection_failure
08001sqlclient_unable_to_establish_sqlconnection
08004sqlserver_rejected_establishment_of_sqlconnection
08007transaction_resolution_unknown
08P01protocol_violation
Class 09 — Triggered Action Exception
09000triggered_action_exception
Class 0A — Feature Not Supported
0A000feature_not_supported
Class 0B — Invalid Transaction Initiation
0B000invalid_transaction_initiation
Class 0F — Locator Exception
0F000locator_exception
0F001invalid_locator_specification
Class 0L — Invalid Grantor
0L000invalid_grantor
0LP01invalid_grant_operation
Class 0P — Invalid Role Specification
0P000invalid_role_specification
Class 0Z — Diagnostics Exception
0Z000diagnostics_exception
0Z002stacked_diagnostics_accessed_without_active_handler
Class 20 — Case Not Found
20000case_not_found
Class 21 — Cardinality Violation
21000cardinality_violation
Class 22 — Data Exception
22000data_exception
2202Earray_subscript_error
22021character_not_in_repertoire
22008datetime_field_overflow
22012division_by_zero
22005error_in_assignment
2200Bescape_character_conflict
22022indicator_overflow
22015interval_field_overflow
2201Einvalid_argument_for_logarithm
22014invalid_argument_for_ntile_function
22016invalid_argument_for_nth_value_function
2201Finvalid_argument_for_power_function
2201Ginvalid_argument_for_width_bucket_function
22018invalid_character_value_for_cast
22007invalid_datetime_format
22019invalid_escape_character
2200Dinvalid_escape_octet
22025invalid_escape_sequence
22P06nonstandard_use_of_escape_character
22010invalid_indicator_parameter_value
22023invalid_parameter_value
2201Binvalid_regular_expression
2201Winvalid_row_count_in_limit_clause
2201Xinvalid_row_count_in_result_offset_clause
2202Hinvalid_tablesample_argument
2202Ginvalid_tablesample_repeat
22009invalid_time_zone_displacement_value
2200Cinvalid_use_of_escape_character
2200Gmost_specific_type_mismatch
22004null_value_not_allowed
22002null_value_no_indicator_parameter
22003numeric_value_out_of_range
2200Hsequence_generator_limit_exceeded
22026string_data_length_mismatch
22001string_data_right_truncation
22011substring_error
22027trim_error
22024unterminated_c_string
2200Fzero_length_character_string
22P01floating_point_exception
22P02invalid_text_representation
22P03invalid_binary_representation
22P04bad_copy_file_format
22P05untranslatable_character
2200Lnot_an_xml_document
2200Minvalid_xml_document
2200Ninvalid_xml_content
2200Sinvalid_xml_comment
2200Tinvalid_xml_processing_instruction
Class 23 — Integrity Constraint Violation
23000integrity_constraint_violation
23001restrict_violation
23502not_null_violation
23503foreign_key_violation
23505unique_violation
23514check_violation
23P01exclusion_violation
Class 24 — Invalid Cursor State
24000invalid_cursor_state
Class 25 — Invalid Transaction State
25000invalid_transaction_state
25001active_sql_transaction
25002branch_transaction_already_active
25008held_cursor_requires_same_isolation_level
25003inappropriate_access_mode_for_branch_transaction
25004inappropriate_isolation_level_for_branch_transaction
25005no_active_sql_transaction_for_branch_transaction
25006read_only_sql_transaction
25007schema_and_data_statement_mixing_not_supported
25P01no_active_sql_transaction
25P02in_failed_sql_transaction
25P03idle_in_transaction_session_timeout
Class 26 — Invalid SQL Statement Name
26000invalid_sql_statement_name
Class 27 — Triggered Data Change Violation
27000triggered_data_change_violation
Class 28 — Invalid Authorization Specification
28000invalid_authorization_specification
28P01invalid_password
Class 2B — Dependent Privilege Descriptors Still Exist
2B000dependent_privilege_descriptors_still_exist
2BP01dependent_objects_still_exist
Class 2D — Invalid Transaction Termination
2D000invalid_transaction_termination
Class 2F — SQL Routine Exception
2F000sql_routine_exception
2F005function_executed_no_return_statement
2F002modifying_sql_data_not_permitted
2F003prohibited_sql_statement_attempted
2F004reading_sql_data_not_permitted
Class 34 — Invalid Cursor Name
34000invalid_cursor_name
Class 38 — External Routine Exception
38000external_routine_exception
38001containing_sql_not_permitted
38002modifying_sql_data_not_permitted
38003prohibited_sql_statement_attempted
38004reading_sql_data_not_permitted
Class 39 — External Routine Invocation Exception
39000external_routine_invocation_exception
39001invalid_sqlstate_returned
39004null_value_not_allowed
39P01trigger_protocol_violated
39P02srf_protocol_violated
39P03event_trigger_protocol_violated
Class 3B — Savepoint Exception
3B000savepoint_exception
3B001invalid_savepoint_specification
Class 3D — Invalid Catalog Name
3D000invalid_catalog_name
Class 3F — Invalid Schema Name
3F000invalid_schema_name
Class 40 — Transaction Rollback
40000transaction_rollback
40002transaction_integrity_constraint_violation
40001serialization_failure
40003statement_completion_unknown
40P01deadlock_detected
Class 42 — Syntax Error or Access Rule Violation
42000syntax_error_or_access_rule_violation
42601syntax_error
42501insufficient_privilege
42846cannot_coerce
42803grouping_error
42P20windowing_error
42P19invalid_recursion
42830invalid_foreign_key
42602invalid_name
42622name_too_long
42939reserved_name
42804datatype_mismatch
42P18indeterminate_datatype
42P21collation_mismatch
42P22indeterminate_collation
42809wrong_object_type
428C9generated_always
42703undefined_column
42883undefined_function
42P01undefined_table
42P02undefined_parameter
42704undefined_object
42701duplicate_column
42P03duplicate_cursor
42P04duplicate_database
42723duplicate_function
42P05duplicate_prepared_statement
42P06duplicate_schema
42P07duplicate_table
42712duplicate_alias
42710duplicate_object
42702ambiguous_column
42725ambiguous_function
42P08ambiguous_parameter
42P09ambiguous_alias
42P10invalid_column_reference
42611invalid_column_definition
42P11invalid_cursor_definition
42P12invalid_database_definition
42P13invalid_function_definition
42P14invalid_prepared_statement_definition
42P15invalid_schema_definition
42P16invalid_table_definition
42P17invalid_object_definition
Class 44 — WITH CHECK OPTION Violation
44000with_check_option_violation
Class 53 — Insufficient Resources
53000insufficient_resources
53100disk_full
53200out_of_memory
53300too_many_connections
53400configuration_limit_exceeded
Class 54 — Program Limit Exceeded
54000program_limit_exceeded
54001statement_too_complex
54011too_many_columns
54023too_many_arguments
Class 55 — Object Not In Prerequisite State
55000object_not_in_prerequisite_state
55006object_in_use
55P02cant_change_runtime_param
55P03lock_not_available
Class 57 — Operator Intervention
57000operator_intervention
57014query_canceled
57P01admin_shutdown
57P02crash_shutdown
57P03cannot_connect_now
57P04database_dropped
Class 58 — System Error (errors external to PostgreSQL itself)
58000system_error
58030io_error
58P01undefined_file
58P02duplicate_file
Class 72 — Snapshot Failure
72000snapshot_too_old
Class F0 — Configuration File Error
F0000config_file_error
F0001lock_file_exists
Class HV — Foreign Data Wrapper Error (SQL/MED)
HV000fdw_error
HV005fdw_column_name_not_found
HV002fdw_dynamic_parameter_value_needed
HV010fdw_function_sequence_error
HV021fdw_inconsistent_descriptor_information
HV024fdw_invalid_attribute_value
HV007fdw_invalid_column_name
HV008fdw_invalid_column_number
HV004fdw_invalid_data_type
HV006fdw_invalid_data_type_descriptors
HV091fdw_invalid_descriptor_field_identifier
HV00Bfdw_invalid_handle
HV00Cfdw_invalid_option_index
HV00Dfdw_invalid_option_name
HV090fdw_invalid_string_length_or_buffer_length
HV00Afdw_invalid_string_format
HV009fdw_invalid_use_of_null_pointer
HV014fdw_too_many_handles
HV001fdw_out_of_memory
HV00Pfdw_no_schemas
HV00Jfdw_option_name_not_found
HV00Kfdw_reply_handle
HV00Qfdw_schema_not_found
HV00Rfdw_table_not_found
HV00Lfdw_unable_to_create_execution
HV00Mfdw_unable_to_create_reply
HV00Nfdw_unable_to_establish_connection
Class P0 — PL/pgSQL Error
P0000plpgsql_error
P0001raise_exception
P0002no_data_found
P0003too_many_rows
P0004assert_failure
Class XX — Internal Error
XX000internal_error
XX001data_corrupted
XX002index_corrupted